Modern Feminism Of The Abc, Television Show Park And...

Modern Feminism In the NBC, television show Park and Recreation, â€Å"Pie-Mary†, Ben Knope declares, â€Å"I’m sorry, this whole thing makes me queasy. I love how independent my wife is and because of that I will not let her speak. That came out wrong. The point is, Leslie is a great mother, public servant-all around person. And I am tired of everyone constantly telling her that she is making the wrong choice.† Over a century ago, women embraced their rights and independence as equals to men. Since the United States passed the 19th amendment (allowed women to legally vote) with pride and happiness to achieve what they desire without the obligation to a man’s property or his strict previous perspective of the ideal women. As time passed, something changed and women no longer admired and praise for their independence, but instead objective to those norms as seen above with Leslie. Nowadays, women are judged for not embodying the vision of the ideal woman- housewife and housemother. As a result of this, women yearned for more purpose in life, rather than restricted to the societal norms which defined women worthiness, or the capability of women. Women are beginning to become more independent, breadwinners, and in general, taking the roles of standard male figures. As a result, society is beginning to discourage women for their hard work, instead of encouraging women as a whole to continue to strive for better. Going back before culture was established. â€Å"In theShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence

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Essay on The National Response Framework - 852 Words

Having a basic understanding of community or national emergency plans can assist families in disaster. This is especially true during the response phase. The National Response Framework (NRF) is a great example of a national community reference. According to FEMA’s publication, â€Å"The National Response Framework,† from 2013, the NRF is a guide which describes the basis of national response to any form of disaster. The NRF was developed from a long line of response guidance plans. The first was the Federal Response plan which was replaced by the National Response Plan. Then in 2008, the NRF was developed to make national response guidance more efficient as well as to include practices created after Hurricane Katrina. The NRF is comprised†¦show more content†¦This includes actions such as household hazard reduction and participating in voluntary organizations and programs (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2013c, p. 8). The Incident Command System Today, the Incident Command System (ICS) is a major component of NIMS and is widely used in emergency management response. However, this was not always the case. According to David A. McEntire and Gregg Dawson, authors of the article, â€Å"The intergovernmental Context,† ICS was originally developed by the fire service in 1970. Its purpose was to assist in the command of wildfire events. It was unique because it standardized operations, yet offered flexibility so that it could be used on any number of events, regardless of size or type (McEntire Dawson, 2007, p. 63). The book, â€Å"National Incident Management System: Principles and Practice,† by Dr. Donald W. Walsh, Dr. Hank T. Christen, Christian E. Callsen, Geoffrey T. Miller, Paul M. Maniscalco, Graydon C. Lord, and Neal J. Dolan, describes ICS as, â€Å"†¦a system for domestic incident management that is based on an expandable, flexible structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Walsh, et al., 2012, p. 12). Due to this flexibility, Walsh et al. state that ICS is commonly used by all levels of government as well as by a number of non-governmental agencies and the private sector. ICS is structured around five sections. These sections are command, operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration (Walsh, et al., 2012,Show MoreRelatedNational Response Framework2094 Words   |  9 Pages* Rank order (in order of priority) the 14 core capabilities of the NRF. Explain why you rank ordered 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Be specific. * Explain how the United States conducts an all-hazards response in the five preparedness mission areas of prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and disaster recovery. NIMS * When would a Deputy Incident Commander (Deputy IC) be necessary? Give examples. * In  The missing piece of NIMS: Teaching incident commanders how to function in theRead MoreDisaser Management1785 Words   |  8 PagesTrident University International Marvell R. Dean MHES 509 Module 1 1. How is a response to destruction from a terrorist incident different from a response to a natural disaster? Be specific, give examples, and quote from the readings. 2. You are a volunteer for the American Red Cross. You are to enter a scene of destruction in order to assist wounded victims. What are some precautions that you must take? What are some restrictions placed on you? From whom do you receiveRead MoreA Summary of the National Response Framework Essay2038 Words   |  9 PagesA Summary of the National Response Framework Amber Cotà © Pikes Peak Community College Abstract The purpose of this paper is to become acquainted with the evolution of national incident response over the last twenty years in America; and henceforth, gain a better understanding of the current multi-agency/multi-discipline approach to national disasters and emergencies. This summary briefly reviews the history of federal planning documents overRead MoreNational Response Framework for Terrorist Attacks559 Words   |  2 PagesThe National Response Framework Terrorist attacks are man-made attacks directed to harm or end the lives of civilians for the terrorists specific reasons. In the past, these attacks were seen as uncommon and were shocking to the public whenever they did occur; however, after the Trade Center incident of September 11th, the public and the government finally realized that terrorist attacks were no longer simply a rare occurrence, but something to be anticipated and prepared for properly (Pilat,Read MoreRoles And Responsibilities Of Emergency Management1225 Words   |  5 PagesThe efforts of response and recovery have proven to be key in helping those affected by emergencies. This paper will examine some of the roles and responsibilities that are taken to first time responders and mangers. It is important for emergency management to make sure that the team around them are given the right tools and knowledge to help assist people in emergency situations. Next, the discussion of the role of the state government has i n dealing with emergency management. When there are organizationsRead MoreThe National Interagency Incident Management System1231 Words   |  5 Pagesindistinct lines of power and terminology contrasts among offices, and unclear or unspecified incident destinations. In 1980, government authorities transitioned ICS into a national project called the National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS), which turned into the premise of a reaction administration framework for every elected agency with out of control fire administration obligations (Ready.Gov, 2007). From that point forward, numerous government organizations have supported theRead MoreThe National Incident Management System1579 Words   |  7 PagesThe National Incident Management System is a systematic guideline on how to effectively plan, mitigate, respond and recover, from significant incidences especially those that encompass diverse interest and involves all levels of governments. It works hand in hand with t he National Response Framework, which provides structure for incident management while NIMS provide the guide for all departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to workRead MoreThe Faceless Threat : Cyber Security And Critical Infrastructure1306 Words   |  6 PagesCyber Emergency Response Team (ICS-CERT) received over 290 reports of incidents involving CI in FY 2015, yet none of the attacks resulted in disruption of the grid (Armerding, 2016). Experts anticipate the sophistication of these attacks to increase with time, including attacks on data integrity (Overfelt, 2016). Helena Brito (2013) surveyed a group of experts among the CI community on probable attacks targeting the utility industry in regards to cyber security. The collective response suggested a generalRead MoreKey Influences On The Quality Improvement Accreditation System And The Current National Quality Framework1309 Words   |  6 Pages This essay will introduce five key influences on the establishing of education and care settings in Australia, the similarities and differences between the Quality Improvement Accreditation System and the current National Quality Framework. Maybanke Anderson and Lillian de Lissa as well as other people were pioneer who led the movement to early childhood education and care in Australia (OEDC,2000). Educational thinkers including Froebel and Pestalozzi and the associated development of preschoolRead MoreThe Federal Emergency Management Agency1123 Words   |  5 PagesThe Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) describes the National Planning Frameworks, which contains preparedness missions for the whole community (individuals, families, businesses, all types of community organizations, non-profit groups, media outlets, academies, and all levels of government including state, local, tribal, territorial, and federal partners, (FEMA 2015), as a way to foster a shared understanding of the roles and responsibilities from the first responders to the Federal government

The Disastrous Social Impacts Caused By The Industrial...

The disastrous social impacts caused by the Industrial Revolution can be sourced back to the dramatic population increases seen in England before and during the revolution. In 1696, the population of London was 530,000, cities and other towns consisted of 870,000 inhabitants, while villages had a population of 4,100,000. In 1881, these numbers drastically increased as the urban population was 17,285,026, and the rural population was 8,683,026. Between the beginning of the revolution and its end, England underwent massive population growth. This population increase expedited the revolution as it provided a ready number of workers who could aid factories in producing massive amounts of product. Moreover, this population upsurge resulted in†¦show more content†¦It also demonstrates how the poor had more offspring in an attempt to try and augment their already miniscule income. As a result of the Industrial Revolution and the population changes it brought about, the living conditions of the working class declined sharply. As the population and size of working class families increased, conditions diminished significantly. James Wilson was a writer who documented the development of Great Britain. In 1851 James Wilson wrote that: We have ample means of showing by indisputable facts that wealth has been diffused as well as increased during the period under review; that so far from â€Å"the rich having become richer and the poor poorer,† as is so often and so inconsiderately asserted, the middle classes have advanced faster than the great, and the command over the comforts and luxuries of life, even among peasants and artisans, is far greater now than at any former period. †¦ This quote exhibits how the Industrial Revolution brought wealth to England, but in the wrong places. The wealth that came into England due to mechanical advancements led to an even greater discrepancy in wealth between the upper and lower classes. Factory owners, primarily members of the upper class, became extremely wealthy because of the new efficiency of their factories. The lower classes however, were payed very little wages for long work days, which created an unfavorable

Alex Sanders Free Essays

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM * How can Sam Glass channelize and bring out Alex Sander’s competencies so that he can contribute more effectively to the progress of his product team at Landon Care Products? * In what ways can Landon Care Products Inc. restructure its 360  ° performance review such that it can help employees achieve their highest leadership potential? SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS * enthusiastic in his work and never wears out * talented and highly qualified * driven by his sense of achievement and brings results * good learning ability and grasping power * undaunted by new challenges * appreciative of good work| WEAKNESSES * pushy and demanding * short tempered * inflexible at work * expects everyone to work according to his style of working * creates a stressful work atmosphere by asking people to work overtime| OPPORTUNITIES * Has entrepreneurial ability, is a go getter, identifies and implements tasks within the given time frame and has passion for learning new skills and filling any gaps in knowledge. Using this skill, he has the opportunity to start his own successful venture. We will write a custom essay sample on Alex Sanders or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Possibility of improvementTaking his 360 degree feedback positively, Alex may try to improve on his working style and motivate and mentor his team to help them work effectively. This will aid in creating a high performance team and would result in success of the rebranding project of Nourish. THREATS * Can lose his jobDue to his continued arrogance and over confidence, his 360 degree feedback could turn unfavorable to his cause; he may lose a possible promotion or would have to leave the organization. * Efficiency of the team could be hampered Alex’s team could crumble under constant work pressure and hostile work environment as created by Alex and would become lax or inefficient in their tasks. This might hamper the successful rebranding of the upcoming and crucial project of Nourish| Economical condition European companies entering into the American skincare and beauty segment. Cultural condition The takeover by a European company brought in changes in the work culture De tailed Analysis of the problem We can look at this from the perspective of Herzberg’s two factor theory, Alex Sander accounts for almost all of the context factors such as Salary, supervision, etc. , but does not satisfy the content factors of motivation which involves recognition of achievement, responsibility and advancement. The absence of these caused de-motivation amongst the team members. Alex has high task orientation but low people orientation. But he was able to prove himself with successfully re-branding two skin care products. Problems in working style of Alex * He always used to come up with the right answer without involving the team which undermined a lot of people * Aggressive in nature * Expects the same output from his reportees and thus creates stressful atmosphere at workplace. * Glass’ concerns for Alex Alex asked Glass that he wanted to get into broader planning areas of the organization -â€Å" making strategic decisions † where he wanted to learn how the division’s products were formulated and building on that knowledge he wanted to understand the global market as well as the relative importance of the U. S. market. After a week Glass mentioned about this to Alex in a conversation where he mentioned to him that his feedback is contradicting in what he says and what he is doing. This problem was could turn into a very big challenge for Sam where he has to find ways to deal with Alex’s attitude issues which is creating a lot of problem for other team members (as reflected in some of the inputs mentioned by his own team members in feedback) as he was aware about Alex’s potential and wanted to retain him . So, he had to come up with a way to channel Alex’s talent in the right way which would ensure success for product group in the long run. Problem with 360 ° performance review This was being conducted for the first time in the organization and a lot of people in the division are not clear on how this feedback is going to help with development or performance appraisal. There is a possibility that the results will be tainted in some way or other. Even Alex was least interested about this feedback and didn’t want to waste his time on this exercise as he was aware as who would Sam ask for inputs about him. When he was hired by Sam he was asked to shake up the product team and launch products quickly. Decision Criteria and Alternative Solutions Option 1-If company fires Alex? This option is not suitable because Alex is known to bring results to the projects and at present the company is at a crucial juncture, where successful launch of Nourish is very much needed. A new hire would take up time to get adjusted to the organization culture and may not bring results as quickly as expected. Option 2- If Alex starts his own entrepreneurial project (start-up), which gives him complete autonomy. Alex is known to demonstrate entrepreneurial instincts and work tirelessly on his own. He expects same level of commitment and performance from his team and does not suffer inefficiencies. He might do well in his start-up initially but this is not a sustainable option because if Alex’s working style does not change; he is bound to create hostile feelings with his colleagues sooner or later. Option 3- A personality development and team building program for Alex 1. Alex should be made aware of the importance of the feedback process and needs to take his feedback in good light. 2. Alex should undergo some training in team building activities and should be encouraged to interact with his teammates more frequently. He should be trained to give some autonomy to his team and respect his fellow mates, which will result in high performance teams. 3. There should be continuous interactions between Alex and Senior level managers whereby he can take up any grievances and also look for challenging opportunities that will keep him motivated and satisfied. Recommendations We recommend company should choose to go for option 3 in the light of all the pros and cons mentioned above. Even Sam Glass knew that Alex was someone who would create waves in the organization but he had hired him because Alex was a potential candidate and therefore Sam was ready to compromise on this. Agreed, Alex has attitude and behavioral issues. But nevertheless being the youngest product manager he had proved his mettle by successfully rebranding two national skin care products. These issues can be resolved if Alex undergoes some training in team building activities. He is competent enough in technical skills but lacks in attitude, which can be set right if he is mentored accordingly. How to cite Alex Sanders, Papers

Assignment Fundamentals of Database Systems

Questions: 1. What is structured data and unstructured data? Give an example of each from your experience with data that you may have used.2. Give a general definition of information retrieval (IR). What does information retrieval involve when we consider information on the Web?3. What is meant by navigational, informational, and transformational search?4. What are the different phases of the knowledge discovery from databases? Describe a complete application scenario in which new knowledge may be mined from an existing database of transactions.5. What are the goals or tasks that data mining attempts to facilitate? Answers: 1. Structured data are data that is stored into some strict format and structure. For example, data stored in relational database have some rigid structural properties. Hence, these are structural data. On the contrary, there may be unstructured data, where there is no such format or structure followed while storing data. It has very limited application. An example is a text file containing some data, HTML files with some data etc. 2. As said by, Gerald Salton, IR or Information Retrieval is, the discipline that deals with the structure, analysis, organization, storage, searching, and retrieval of information. So, in general, IR is a process or retrieving information from a collection of documents or information in response to some query provided by some user. IR is mainly related unstructured or semi-structured data and information retrieval. 3. In the case of information used for web searches, there may be 3 types of search. Those are, Navigational search that refers to the process of finding some particular piece of information quickly as per user query. An example is, searching for earthquake on Google search. Informational search that refers to the process of finding out latest information on some topic. For example searching for research activities on IR. Transactional search that refers to the process of reaching to some site for further interaction. For example, searching to open a Facebook Account. 4. There are 6 different phases of knowledge discovery from database are, Selection of data Data cleansing Enrichment Data encoding or transforming Data mining Reporting Consider an example of a transaction database for a retailer. The database contains information about the consumers, like name, address, contact number, item purchased, quantity, price, total amount etc. So, a new sets of different knowledge can be retrieved from this database through KDD. The stages are, In data selection, different sets of information on some item or entity will be selected. For example, customers from some geographical area. During data cleansing process, the format of the data will be checked. For example, whether the ZIP code is in same and right format or not etc. During enrichment, data from other sources like social media, demographics etc. will be added to data. During data transformation different encoding can be used to shorten or compact the data formats. Data mining will be used to find patterns based on different factors. All results will be reported in understandable formats. 5. The goals of the tasks facilitated by data mining attempts are, Predictions of the behavior of some data in future. Identification of data patterns. Classification of data into different partitions or categories. Optimization of limited resources like space, time, cost etc. and maximization of output variables like profits etc. References Cellary, W., T. Morzy, E. G. (2014). Concurrency Control in Distributed Database Systems. Elsevier. Elmasri, R., Navathe, S. B. (2013). Fundamentals of Database Systems. Pearson . Han, J., Kamber, M., Pei, J. (2011). Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques. Elsevier. Manning, C. D., Raghavan, P., Schtze, H. (2008). Introduction to Information Retrieval. Cambridge University Press. Mullins, C. S. (2013). Database Administration: The Complete Guide to DBA Practices and Procedures. Addison-Wesley Professional. zsu, M. T., Valduriez, P. (2011). Principles of Distributed Database Systems. Springer. Rahimi, S. K., Haug, F. S. (2010). Distributed Database Management Systems. John Wiley Sons. Silberschatz, A., Korth, H. F., Sudarshan, S. (2011). Database System Concepts (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. Zaki, M. J., Wagner Meira, J. (2014). Data Mining and Analysis. Cambridge University Press.

Coca Cola Essay/ International free essay sample

Each company own or license and market more than five hundred nonalcoholic beverage brands such as; waters, juices, ready to drink teas and coffees across the globe. This research paper will focus on how The Coca-Cola Company uses strategies in order to compete in the completive market, Coca-Cola International, Market Segmentation, the â€Å"Cola wars† and finally, discuss the â€Å"unit case volume† of the Coca-Cola Company. Purpose of Study The purpose of this research paper is to achieve a better understanding of International Business through the basic study of a worldwide company’s strategy in order to compete with the completive market Limitations of Study One of the largest limitations of this study is finding creditable resources to support this research paper and interpreting the relevant information to the instructor’s expectations. Definition of Terms For the purpose of this paper, â€Å"Coca-Cola Company† and â€Å"Coke† will be used interchangeably; all other terms utilized in this research paper are within acknowledged meaning. Any terms that need clarification from normal usage will be defined within the text. Review of Literature Coca-Cola Mission â€Å"Our Roadmap starts with our mission, which is enduring. It declares our purpose as a company and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions†. * To refresh the world * To inspire moments of optimism and happiness To create value and make a difference. (Thecoca-colacompany. com) Background Coca-Cola Company is the world largest non-alcoholic beverage manufacturer and distributor in the world and is no stranger to the global market. They own more than three hundred brands in more than two hundred countries. (Thecoca-colacompany. com) Created by John Pemberton, a pharmacist in Atlanta Georgia 1886 sold Coke as fountain drink and told his customer it was a â€Å"potion for mental and physical disorders†. In 1895, Asa G. Candler, a natural salesman, converted Coca-Cola from an invention into a business. He knew there were thirsty people out there, and Candler found brilliant and innovative ways to introduce them to this exciting new refreshment. He gave away coupons for complimentary first tastes of Coca-Cola, and outfitted distributing pharmacists with clocks, urns, calendars and apothecary scales bearing the Coca-Cola brand. (Heritage. coca-cola. com) The original logo was developed from the handwriting of the company’s book-keeper, Frank Robinson, back in 1885. The wavy line seen at the base of the logo (also known as the â€Å"dynamic curve† or â€Å"dynamic ribbon†) was designed when the company introduced cans. The first idea was to create a can in the same shape as the bottle. When the company realized this just wasn’t possible they came up with the idea of the dynamic curve. The shape of the line was intended to represent the shape bottle (Heritage. coca-cola. com) Coca-Cola International According to Hill (2012) â€Å"Coca-Cola, the iconic American soda maker, has long been among the most international of enterprises†. During WWII, Coke supplied the United States troops with Coca-Cola wherever in the world they went. (Hill, 2012, p. 518). On The Coca-Cola Heritage Timeline; in 1923, Robert Woodruff became the Coca Cola Company president after he inherited the company from his father. Woodruff spent more than 60 years as Company leader introducing the beverage to the world beyond. (Heritage. coca-cola. com) Woodruff was known as â€Å"marketing genius† who saw opportunities for growth everywhere. He led the expansion of Coca-Cola overseas and in â€Å"1928 introduced Coca-Cola to the Olympic Games for the first time when Coca-Cola traveled with the United States team to the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics† and has been a proud sponsor to the Olympics for 80 years In 1902, the Coca-Cola Company decided to move outside of the United States and entered Cuba. By 1929, Coke was marketing in more than seventy-six countries. Today more than seventy percent of Coca-Cola’s case volume is in international markets (Hill, 2012, p. 518). The Companys existence worldwide was growing rapidly, and year after year, Coca-Cola found a home in more and more places such as: Cambodia, Montserrat, Paraguay, Macau, Turkey and more. The international charm of Coca-Cola was actually brought to life by a 1971 commercial, â€Å"where a group of young people from all over the world gathered on a hilltop in Italy to sing Id Like to Buy the World a Coke. (heritage. coca-cola. om) According to Rubadiri (2012), â€Å"three Coca-Cola Bottling Companies-Kisii Bottlers, Mount Kenya Bottlers and Rift Bottlers have expressed their interest to enter into a three way reorganization of ownership†. The merger, which is the first of its kind, will bring 1. 5 billion dollars for shareholders. The Cola Wars For over a century, Coca Cola and Pepsi competed for the top brand of the world’s beverage market; the most intense battles of cola wars were fought over the $60-billion industry in the United States, where the average American consumed 53 gallons of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) per year. The first challenge between the two companies started in 1950 when the CEO of Pepsi made his trademark â€Å"beat Coke† and encouraged bottlers on take-home sales through supermarkets . From 1975 to 1995 both Coke and Pepsi achieved average annual growth of around 10% as both U. S and worldwide consumption consistently rose. Coke and Pepsi began to experiment with new colas and non-cola flavors in the 1960’s. Coke introduced Fanta (1960), Sprite (1961), and low calorie Tab (1963). Pepsi countered with Teem (1960), Mountain Dew (1964) and Diet Pepsi (1964) (Chauhan, 2012 p 3). The cola wars were mentioned is a song from singer Billy Joel’s â€Å"We didn’t start the fire† in 1989. Strategies used for completive market Strategy can be defined as â€Å"actions that managers take to attain the goals of a firm, the main goal is maximize the value of a firm and increase profitability† (Hill, 2012 p 418). The Coca-Cola Company is using marketing strategies to compete with companies such as; Pepsi and Schweppes, in the competitive market. As stated in an article written by Jeff Bullas  (2012. ) â€Å"Coca Cola has been part of popular culture for over 100 years and has been called a â€Å"Vision Brandâ€Å". Its marketing and communication is purposeful and connects with its audience in a way that makes it stand out from its competitors†. Also mentioned in the article that Coke is using content excellence, the purpose of content excellence is to create â€Å"Ideas† so  contagious that they cannot be controlled this is what is called â€Å"liquid content†. On a  social web  people can easily share ideas, videos and photos on social networks such Facebook† (Bullas, 2012). In an article from Neil Davidson (2012), in 2012, â€Å"Coke launched a content market strategy called â€Å"Content 2020† which revealed an enormous shift in direction and emphasis. It was built on recognition of the fact that the world is changing rapidly and traditional marketing methods are outdated. Also stated in the article, Davidson expressed Coke’s plan to change. He stated; Coca Cola have identified three key drivers as to why they need to change their approach. The first of these is that they want to double to size of their business. The second is that they have noticed the current climate within which there is a ‘distribution of creativity’ and no one has a monopoly on creativity. The third driver is the distribution of technology and the fact that consumers are empowered through their access to a range of on demand device. (2012) According to Gaudet (2012), In order to meet their 2020 target, Coca-Cola is depending primarily on growth in emerging and developing markets. During their 2020 Vision presentation, the company presented a UN projection showing that the global middle class will grow from 1. 2 billion today to 2. 2 billi on by 2020, as well as historical evidence showing a strong correlation between a country’s per-capita expenses and per-capita Non Alcoholic Ready to Drink (NARTD) consumption. Based off of this growth, Coca-Cola expects total industry annual volume to grow at a 4% annualized rate and total industry value to grow at a 5% annualized rate, from $600 billion to $1,100 billion. The 1. 2% difference could come from two sources – an improvement in product mix and market share gains (Gaudet, 2010). Stated in an article by Melodie Warner (2012), Coca-Cola announced that the company â€Å"will reorganize its operating structure around three major businesses, starting Jan. 1, 2012, in an effort to better address the changing demands of its marketplace†. The reason behind this decision is due to â€Å"American reducing their consumption of soft drinks and pockets of economic uncertainty with Europe and China†. The company’s new structure will be composed of Coca-Cola International (Europe, Pacific and Eurasia, and Africa), Coca-Cola Americas (North America and Latin America) and Bottling Group (company owned bottling operations outside of North America). (wsj. com) Market Segmentation â€Å"Market Segmentation refers to distinct groups of consumers whose purchasing behavior differs from others in important ways† (Hill, 2012, pp. 83-584). According to Hill (2012), Tastes and preferences differ from country to country, â€Å"Coca-Cola in Japan markets Georgia, a cold coffee in a can and Aquarius, a tonic drink, which appeals to Japanese tastes† (p. 586). Georgia coffee is mainly sold in Japan. Coca-Cola over the years has appealed to many types of groups and cultures and is constantly looking for new ideas t hat will catch the interest in a widely diverse population. Diet cola for an example, Coke designed Coke Zero mainly to appeal to women. Coke Classic is loved by the whole world. Some of the big name celebrities who have continued the positive brand image that associate with Coca-Cola are  Bill Cosby,  Michelle Kwan, and  Jennifer Lopez. Michelle Kwan  and Jennifer Lopez  are great endorsements because they both have avoided scandal and have kept an association with their occupation; Kwan with being an Olympic ice skater, and Lopez being a singer and actress The website mentions how they think of Bill Cosby as a â€Å"friendly family man†. cocacoladvertising. com) Although over the years Coca-Cola has made a few mistakes in choosing celebrities to endorse their product A few examples that were mentioned were Kobe Bryant, Paula Abdul and Rodger Clemens, this is how Coke clarified this â€Å"there are some celebrities who might have hurt the Coca-Cola image due to controversies over their actions. Paula Abdul  was said to have coached and had a sexual relationship with  Corey Clark, a contestant on   American Idol, a show that she was a judge on†.